Mao Zedong - Wikipedia. Chairman. Mao Zedong毛泽东Portrait of Mao Zedong at Tiananmen Gate. Chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.
In office. June 1. September 9, 1. 97. Preceded by. Himself (as Chairman of the Central Politburo)Succeeded by.
Hua Guofeng. Chairman of the Central Politburo of the Communist Party of China. In office. March 2. September 2. 8, 1. Preceded by. Zhang Wentian (as General Secretary of the Central Committee)Succeeded by. Himself (as Chairman of the Central Committee)Chairman of the Central People's Government. In office. October 1, 1.
- The People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN; Chinese: 中国人民解放军海军), also known as the PLA Navy, is the naval warfare branch of the People's Liberation.
- Chengdu (成都; Chéngdū) is the provincial capital and largest city of Sichuan Province in southwest China.
September 2. 7, 1. Preceded by. Position established. Succeeded by. Chairman of the People's Republic of China. Chairman of the People's Republic of China. In office. September 2. April 2. 7, 1. 95. Preceded by. Chairman of the Central People's Government.
Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by enacting one’s dreams during the REM sleep, with most of the dreams. Mao Zedong or Mao Tse-tung (/ ˈ m aʊ d z ə ˈ d ʊ ŋ, z ə- - d ɒ ŋ / ( listen); December 26, 1893 – September 9, 1976), also known as Chairman Mao, was a.
Succeeded by. Liu Shaoqi. Personal details. Born(1. 89. 3- 1.
December 2. 6, 1. Shaoshan, Hunan, Imperial China. Died. September 9, 1. Beijing, People's Republic of China. Resting place. Chairman Mao Memorial Hall, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Political party. Communist Party of China. Other politicalaffiliations.
Kuomintang (1. 92. Spouse(s)Luo Yixiu (1. Yang Kaihui (1. 92. He Zizhen (1. 93. Jiang Qing (1. 93.
Children. 10. Alma mater. Hunan First Normal University. Signature. Central institution membership. Member, National People's Congress. Member, National People's Congress. Member, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 1.
Politburo. 19. 38–1. Member, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 1. Central Committee. Mao Zedong or Mao Tse- tung ( ( listen); December 2.
September 9, 1. 97. Chairman Mao, was a Chinese communist revolutionary, poet, political theorist and founding father of the People's Republic of China, which he governed as the Chairman of the Communist Party of China from its establishment in 1. His Marxist–Leninist theories, military strategies and political policies are collectively known as Maoism or Marxism–Leninism–Maoism. Born the son of a wealthy farmer in Shaoshan, Hunan, Mao adopted a Chinese nationalist and anti- imperialist outlook in early life, particularly influenced by the events of the Xinhai Revolution of 1. May Fourth Movement of 1.
Mao adopted Marxism–Leninism while working at Peking University and became a founding member of the Communist Party of China (CPC), leading the Autumn Harvest Uprising in 1. During the Chinese Civil War between the Kuomintang (KMT) and the CPC, Mao helped to found the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, led the Jiangxi Soviet's radical land policies and ultimately became head of the CPC during the Long March. Although the CPC temporarily allied with the KMT under the United Front during the Second Sino- Japanese War (1. Japan's defeat China's civil war resumed and in 1.
Mao's forces defeated the Nationalists who withdrew to Taiwan. On October 1, 1. 94. Mao proclaimed the foundation of the People's Republic of China (PRC), a single- party state controlled by the CPC. In the following years Mao solidified his control through land reforms and through a psychological victory in the Korean War, and through campaigns against landlords, people he termed "counter- revolutionaries", and other perceived enemies of the state.
In 1. 95. 7 he launched a campaign known as the Great Leap Forward that aimed to rapidly transform China's economy from an agrarian economy to an industrial one. This campaign led to the deadliest famine in history and the deaths of more than 1. In 1. 96. 6, he initiated the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, a program to remove "counter- revolutionary" elements of Chinese society that lasted 1. Mao's personality cult and which is officially regarded as a "severe setback" for the PRC.[1]In 1. Mao welcomed American President Richard Nixon in Beijing, signalling a policy of opening China, which was furthered under the rule of Deng Xiaoping (1.
Mao suffered a series of heart attacks in 1. September 9. Mao was succeeded as paramount leader by Chairman Hua Guofeng (1. Deng. A controversial figure, Mao is regarded as one of the most important individuals in modern world history[2] and is also known as a theorist, military strategist, poet and visionary.[3] Supporters credit him with driving imperialism out of China,[4] modernising China and building it into a world power, promoting the status of women, improving education and health care, as well as increasing life expectancy as China's population grew from around 5. Conversely, his autocratic regime has been vastly condemned for overseeing mass repressions and destruction of religious and cultural artifacts and sites, which through arbitrary executions, purges and forced labor caused an estimated 4.
Early life[edit]Youth and the Xinhai Revolution: 1. Mao was born on December 2.
Shaoshan village, Hunan Province, China. His father, Mao Yichang, was a formerly impoverished peasant who had become one of the wealthiest farmers in Shaoshan. Growing up in rural Hunan, Mao described his father as a stern disciplinarian, who would beat him and his three siblings, the boys Zemin and Zetan, as well as an adopted girl, Zejian.[1.
Mao's mother, Wen Qimei, was a devout Buddhist who tried to temper her husband's strict attitude.[1. Mao too became a Buddhist, but abandoned this faith in his mid- teenage years.[1. At age 8, Mao was sent to Shaoshan Primary School. Learning the value systems of Confucianism, he later admitted that he didn't enjoy the classical Chinese texts preaching Confucian morals, instead favouring popular novels like Romance of the Three Kingdoms and Water Margin.[1. At age 1. 3, Mao finished primary education, and his father united him in an arranged marriage to the 1. Luo Yigu, thereby uniting their land- owning families. Mao refused to recognise her as his wife, becoming a fierce critic of arranged marriage and temporarily moving away.
Luo was locally disgraced and died in 1. While working on his father's farm, Mao read voraciously[1. Zheng Guanying's booklet which lamented the deterioration of Chinese power and argued for the adoption of representative democracy.[1. Interested in history, Mao was inspired by the military prowess and nationalistic fervour of George Washington and Napoleon Bonaparte.[1. His political views were shaped by Gelaohui- led protests which erupted following a famine in Hunanese capital Changsha; Mao supported the protesters' demands, but the armed forces suppressed the dissenters and executed their leaders.[1.
The famine spread to Shaoshan, where starving peasants seized his father's grain. He disapproved of their actions as morally wrong, but claimed sympathy for their situation.[1. At age 1. 6, Mao moved to a higher primary school in nearby Dongshan,[1. In 1. 91. 1, Mao began middle school in Changsha.[2. Revolutionary sentiment was strong in the city, where there was widespread animosity towards Emperor Puyi's absolute monarchy and many were advocating republicanism. The republicans' figurehead was Sun Yat- sen, an American- educated Christian who led the Tongmenghui society.[2.
In Changsha, Mao was influenced by Sun's newspaper, The People's Independence (Minli bao),[2. Sun to become president in a school essay.[2.
As a symbol of rebellion against the Manchu monarch, Mao and a friend cut off their queue pigtails, a sign of subservience to the emperor.[2. Inspired by Sun's republicanism, the army rose up across southern China, sparking the Xinhai Revolution. Changsha's governor fled, leaving the city in republican control.[2. Supporting the revolution, Mao joined the rebel army as a private soldier, but was not involved in fighting.
The northern provinces remained loyal to the emperor, and hoping to avoid a civil war, Sun—proclaimed "provisional president" by his supporters—compromised with the monarchist general Yuan Shikai. The monarchy would be abolished, creating the Republic of China, but the monarchist Yuan would become president. The revolution over, Mao resigned from the army in 1.
People's Liberation Army Navy - Wikipedia. People's Liberation Army Navy中国人民解放军海军Emblem of the People's Liberation Army Navy. Active. September 1. Country People's Republic of China. Allegiance. Communist Party of China[1]Type. Navy. Role. Naval warfare. Size. 25. 5,0. 00 personnel (2.
Approx. 7. 10+ aircraft[3][4]Part of. People's Liberation Army(PLA Navy Headquarters directly under the Central Military Commission)Fleet. Engagements. Chinese Civil War.
Battle of the Paracel Islands. Sino- Vietnamese War. Johnson South Reef Skirmish. Anti- piracy operations in Somalia.
Websiteeng. chinamil. Commanders. Commander. Vice Admiral Shen Jinlong. Political Commissar. Vice Admiral Qin Shengxiang. Insignia. Flag. Aircraft flown. Attack. JH- 7. Bomber.
H- 6, Q- 5. Electronicwarfare. Y- 8. Fighter. J- 8, J- 1. J- 1. 1, Su- 3. 0MK2, J- 1. Helicopter. Z- 8, Z- 9, Mi- 8, Z- 1.
Ka- 2. 8, AS3. 65. Interceptor. J- 7, J- 8. Patrol. Y- 8, Y- 9. Reconnaissance. Y- 9. Trainer. JL- 8, JL- 9. Transport. Y- 7, Y- 9. The People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN; Chinese: 中国人民解放军海军), also known as the PLA Navy, is the naval warfare branch of the People's Liberation Army, which is the armed wing of the Communist Party of China and, by default, the national armed forces of the People's Republic of China.
The PLAN can trace its lineage to naval units fighting during the Chinese Civil War and was established in September 1. Throughout the 1.
Soviet Union provided assistance to the PLAN in the form of naval advisers and export of equipment and technology.[5] Until the late 1. PLAN was largely a riverine and littoral force (brown- water navy). However, by the 1. Soviet Union and a shift towards a more forward- oriented foreign and security policy, the leaders of the Chinese military were freed from worrying over land border disputes, and instead turned their attention towards the seas.
This led to the development of the People's Liberation Army Navy into a green- water navy by 2. Before the 1. 99. PLAN had traditionally played a subordinate role to the People's Liberation Army Ground Force.
In 2. 00. 8, General Qian Lihua confirmed that China plans to operate a small fleet of aircraft carriers in the near future, but for the purpose of regional defence as opposed to "global reach".[7] As of 2. PLA officials have also outlined plans to operate in the first and second island chains.[8] Chinese strategists term the development of the PLAN from a green- water navy into "a regional blue- water defensive and offensive navy."[9]The People's Liberation Army Navy is composed of five branches; the People's Liberation Army Navy Submarine Force, the People's Liberation Army Navy Surface Force, the People's Liberation Army Navy Coastal Defense Force, the People's Liberation Army Marine Corps and the People's Liberation Army Naval Air Force.[1. With a personnel strength of 2. United States Navy, and has the largest number of major combatants of any navy.
History[edit]The PLAN traces its lineage to units of the Republic of China Navy who defected to the People's Liberation Army towards the end of the Chinese Civil War. In 1. 94. 9, Mao Zedong asserted that "to oppose imperialist aggression, we must build a powerful navy". During the Landing Operation on Hainan Island, the communists used wooden junks fitted with mountain guns as both transport and warships against the Republic of China Navy. The Naval Academy was set up at Dalian on 2. November 1. 94. 9, mostly with Soviet instructors.
The navy was established in September 1. Joint Staff Department command in Jiangyan, now in Taizhou, Jiangsu province. It then consisted of a motley collection of ships and boats acquired from the Kuomintang forces. The Naval Air Force was added two years later. By 1. 95. 4 an estimated 2,5. Soviet naval advisers were in China—possibly one adviser to every thirty Chinese naval personnel—and the Soviet Union began providing modern ships. With Soviet assistance, the navy reorganized in 1.
North Sea Fleet, East Sea Fleet, and South Sea Fleet, and a corps of admirals and other naval officers was established from the ranks of the ground forces. In shipbuilding the Soviets first assisted the Chinese, then the Chinese copied Soviet designs without assistance, and finally the Chinese produced vessels of their own design. Eventually Soviet assistance progressed to the point that a joint Sino- Soviet Pacific Ocean fleet was under discussion. Through the upheavals of the late 1.
Navy remained relatively undisturbed. Under the leadership of Minister of National Defense Lin Biao, large investments were made in naval construction during the frugal years immediately after the Great Leap Forward. During the Cultural Revolution, a number of top naval commissars and commanders were purged, and naval forces were used to suppress a revolt in Wuhan in July 1. Although it paid lip service to Mao and assigned political commissars aboard ships, the Navy continued to train, build, and maintain the fleets as well the coastal defense and aviation arms, as well as in the performance of its mission.
In the 1. 97. 0s, when approximately 2. Navy grew dramatically. Watch Kakurenbo: Hide And Seek Free Online more. The conventional submarine force increased from 3. The Navy also began development of nuclear attack submarines (SSN) and nuclear- powered ballistic missile submarines (SSBN). In the 1. 98. 0s, under the leadership of Chief Naval Commander Liu Huaqing, the navy developed into a regional naval power, though naval construction continued at a level somewhat below the 1. Liu Huaqing was an Army Officer who spent most of his career in administrative positions involving science and technology.
It was not until 1. People's Liberation Army Navy was led by a Naval Officer. Liu was also very close to Deng Xiaoping as his modernization efforts were very much in keeping with Deng's national policies. While under his leadership Naval construction yards produced fewer ships than the 1. Modernization efforts also encompassed higher educational and technical standards for personnel; reformulation of the traditional coastal defense doctrine and force structure in favor of more green- water operations; and training in naval combined- arms operations involving submarine, surface, naval aviation, and coastal defense forces. Examples of the expansion of China's capabilities were the 1. ICBM) in the Western Pacific by a twenty- ship fleet, extended naval operations in the South China Sea in 1.
South Asian nations in 1. In 1. 98. 2 the navy conducted a successful test of an underwater- launched ballistic missile. The navy also had some success in developing a variety of surface- to- surface and air- to- surface missiles, improving basic capabilities.[1. In 1. 98. 6 the Navy's order of battle included two Xia- class. SSBNs armed with twelve CSS- N- 3 missiles and three Han- class SSNs armed with six SY- 2cruise missiles.
In the late 1. 98. The PLA Navy was ranked in 1. PLA strength. In 1. Navy consisted (as it does now) of the naval headquarters in Beijing; three fleet commands – the North Sea Fleet, based at Qingdao, Shandong; the East Sea Fleet, based at Ningbo; and the South Sea Fleet, based at Zhanjiang, Guangdong – and about 2,0. The 3. 50,0. 00- person Navy included Naval Air Force units of 3.
Coastal Defense Forces of 3. Marine Corps of 5. Navy Headquarters, which controlled the three fleet commands, was subordinate to the PLA General Staff Department. In 1. 98. 7, China's 1,5. Romeo- and Whiskey- class submarines, which could remain at sea only a limited time.
Inside this protective ring and within range of shore- based aircraft were destroyers and frigates mounting Styx anti- ship missiles, depth- charge projectors, and guns up to 1. Any invader penetrating the destroyer and frigate protection would have been swarmed by almost 9. Stormy weather limited the range of these small boats, however, and curtailed air support. Behind the inner ring were Coastal Defense Force personnel operating naval shore batteries of Styx missiles and guns, backed by ground force units deployed in depth.